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Article of the month
Jaswant Singh on people, politics and partition

One of India's longest serving politicians, Jaswant Singh's controversial book on Jinnah and India's partition sparked both criticism and praise from people across India and Pakistan. His bold decision to praise Jinnah and blame Nehru and Vallabhai Patel for partition earned him an unceremonious expulsion from the BJP. However, through this controversy, both Jaswant and Jinnah have received great respect from the liberal majority of our nation. Through his book he has exposed various hidden truths about partition contrary to the beliefs of both the RSS and the BJP.

Interview by Zahra Vakil, Harsh Shah and Angad Kapur.

Our interview with Mr.Jaswant Singh started off with a question from his side,
“Why do you want to interview me?” he asked. When we replied that our mission was to question the great Indian leaders of today, he humbly answered, “I’m not great”. The rest of the interview is as follows.

You have spent over 30 years in politics. What do you think are the major flaws in our political system?
I have actually spent 42 years. That’s a very long time. You ask me to catalog the major flaws in our political system. That will take me 42 years itself. In our ountry, There is a big gap between promise and delivery. All political parties have become oligarchic and are run by families. The parliament is no longer participatory. That is the principle difficulty. Corruption too plays its part. Corruption of government, corruption of money matters and corruption of spirit.

Would you recommend politics as a way of life for today’s youth?
Its not a way of life. It’s a calling. You don’t join politics because it is a job or a means of employment. You take to political activism because you cannot do without it. Of course the youth must take interest. They must make their choice. There cannot be uniform advice to all.

What do you think is the future of the Bhartiya Janata Party(BJP)? Do you think it should ever get the chance to form the government again?
I would not like to answer this question because I am out of the party now and I do not think it is correct for me to comment.

30% of our population lives in miserable poverty. What action do you think we need to take to change this?
It is actually 38%. That is the statistical figure and that is dependent on how you measure poverty. Urban poverty is degrading faster then rural poverty. 38% of 1.2 billion people is almost 420 million people. We should reexamine the priorities of our development and unless there is distribution, participation and equitable programmes we will not be able to solve this problem.

Do you think that the NREG programme is a good idea?
I am examining this programme in the Public Accounts Committee. Providing employment is a good idea. Providing employment just to dig holes and fill them up without producing anything constructive is not. It has resulted in considerable corruption. The report once ready will explain everything.

Coming to your book, Do you think personalities such as Nehru and Vallabhai Patel were responsible for the tragic partition?
It will be simplistic to blame only these too. There were other factors too. But it is wrong to blame only Jinnah for partition. If the Congress and its leaders like Nehru and Patel had not agreed for partition their would have been no partition.

Do you think that in a sense Gandhi and Jinnah were both failures? Jinnah created a land which was divided in 25 years and Gandhi made an India which is still ripped by communal tension.
Though we like to say that the transfer of power was a very peaceful transfer in reality it was a very violent transfer. Secondly, Gandhi’s mission of keeping the country united and Hindu-Muslim unity failed. Jinnah didn’t want what he himself called a moth eaten Pakistan. He didn’t want a Pakistan which is so extremist or so radicalized. The Pakistan which he created broke up into two and has gotten greatly radicalized. How did he succeed? He didn’t succeed.

Do you think that Muslims have paid the price of partition more then anyone else?
Yes I do. In India Muslims are looked at as being guilty along with Jinnah which is wrong. We accuse them of being Jinnah’s followers. They had nothing to do with partition. They have been made second class citizens.

In India it is drilled into our heads that Jinnah is solely responsible for partition. Don’t you think that such brainstorming by distorting historical facts is wrong and is just to suit the ideology or thought process of some?
If as a country we do not understand and articulate the integrity of history its like a human being not articulating his own name then you cannot have a country grow.

Did you ever think that your book would be seen in such negative light?
No I did not think so.

What is the definition of liberty and freedom of speech in our country if a man’s opinion is not respected?
We are an illiberal society. You see it everyday in Mumbai when there are people saying Marathi Manoos. They say speak only Marathi. Why? That to in a city like Mumbai.

Critics complain that your book is one-sided as you have left out the Pathan Invasion in Kashmir advocated by Jinnah himself.
That is because the book could not cover that point. The book had already run into seven hundred pages. If I went into the invasion of Jammu-Kashmir, being a former soldier myself, that would have required an entirely different book! It’s not being partial, it just wasn’t possible. This book was only about partition..

Do you have any plans of writing another book?
Yes , there are so many plans in my mind.

Coming to the Kandahar hijack, can you justify the release of the Kandahar terrorists?
Yes, governance is always a choice between two wrongs, it’s not between two rights. It’s wrong to release terrorists. It’s wrong to let 166 citizens die. The choice has to be made by the Government and if it is a choice between the life of 166 humans or releasing 3 terrorists, then I will always choose to save the lives.

But don’t you think we should adopt a strong policy not to negotiate with terrorists?
Honestly, I don’t think we as a nation possess that kind of spirit.

Sir, don’t you think it was unfair that Mr.Advani blatantly denied the fact that he was informed about you escorting the terrorists?
Better ask that of Mr.Advani himself.

If you had to choose between the two BJP leaders - Mr.Vajpayee or Mr.Advani?
That is an unfair question making me forcibly choose but Mr.Vajpayee is a statesman very tall and great.

Few days ago there was an RSS rally having barely 30% of the seats filled , do you think that’s a sign of the decline of the Hindutva ideology?
I would not like to comment on that but I’d like to ask you-What is Hindutva? This word has been turned into a kind of poltical slogan. I am a Hindu myself.

What is the future of Mr.Jaswant Singh? Will you be an independent candidate or will you join a party?
Yes, I will remain an independent member of parliament because my mental make-up does not fit in easily into political party formation.